Excerpts from N. T. Wright's
30 July 2009 essay:
Rowan's Reflections: Unpacking the Archbishop's Statement,
with commentary by N.R. Wagner.
See
Williams' Statement:
Communion, Covenant and our Anglican Future,
N.
T. Wright's Statement:
Rowan's Reflections:
Unpacking the Archbishop's Statement,
Anglican
Covenant: Ridley draft.
My comments are in [bracketted dark green] below.
[Initial statement:
You should read Wright's entire statement,
Williams' statement, and the Anglican Covenant, using the links
above.
Wright's statement is
astonishing, using the following rhetorical strategies,
among others:
- "Us" versus "them" orientation.
- Full of anger and hostility.
- Promotes Machiavellian and "ends justify means" strategies
to achieve goals.
- "Time is running out" to get on the "bandwagon" mentality.
- Full of the certainty and rectitude of his own position,
with no reservations expressed, and no humility.
- Praises, patronizes, and misrepresents Rowan Williams.
- Sets up false "strawman" arguments which he then shoots down.
- Misrepresents the position of The Episcopal Church.
- Misrepresents the motivation, actions and statements of
the majority of Bishops in The Episcopal Church.
I recognize that Wright is not speaking in any official capacity,
but he is a powerful and influential English Anglican Bishop,
as well as a well-known theologian, so his views have special weight. ]
6. An aside at this point: some in TEC insist that their
theological position has in fact been argued, and that the
rest of the Communion is ignoring these arguments.
As far as I can discern, there are two main arguments routinely used.
- ... a personal 'identity' characterised by sexual preference, ...
- ... the appeal to baptism....
[The document
To
Set Our Hope on Christ uses 135 pages to set the theological foundations
of The Episcopal Church's position on matters of human sexuality.
The document clearly summarizes
their position in a single sentence, by saying:
"We desire to converse with you about the difficult but
wonderful blessing that the Lord has opened our eyes to see
in our very midst: the gifts and fruit of the Spirit ... in the
lives and ministries of our members of same-sex affection."
One is inevitably drawn to this argument, since if
same-sex affection does not have grace, then no argument is
possible, while if there is grace, this is the most powerful
possible argument.
I find it incomprehensible that a theologian of Wright's stature
would ignore the true argument (which has been available online
for years), and would instead set up two "strawman"
arguments that he can shoot down.]
6(i) First, the supposed modern and scientific discovery of a personal
'identity' characterised by sexual preference, which then generates
a set of 'rights'. The Archbishop has commented on 'rights' in this
connection. Without entering into discussion of the scientific
evidence, it must be said that the Christian notion of personal
identity has never before been supposed to be rooted in desires
of whatever sort. Indeed, desires are routinely brought under the
constraints of 'being in Christ'. This quite new notion of an
'identity' found not only within oneself but within one's emotional
and physical desires needs to be articulated on the basis of
scripture and tradition, and this to my mind has not been done.
[Here Wright doesn't just miss the point, but
gets it precisely backwards: The argument is made by The
Episcopal Church and others that the source of same-sex affection
is not based on "desire" or "sexual preference" (Wright's words),
but on the innate essence of the persons, their God-given nature.
And this is not used as the main argument to support such unions,
but is used only to counter the arguments that homosexuality is
just a "choice" or "lifestyle" or a "dysfunction",
and that it can be "cured".
The Episcopal Church, in the document mentioned above, has
indeed articulated their argument justifying the blessedness
of same-sex affection through scripture and tradition and reason. ]
6 (ii) This leads to the second point, the appeal to baptism.
It is now routinely said in TEC that all the baptised should have
access to all the sacraments, on the apparent grounds that baptism
indicates God's acceptance of people as they are. This appears to
ignore the New Testament teaching about baptism, that it constitutes
a dying to self and sin and a rising to new life with Christ,
specifically characterised by a holiness and renewed humanity in
which certain habits and styles of life are left behind. From the
first century until very recently it was universally understood
that this included sexual immorality, and that that included
homosexual behaviour. To try to use a supposedly 'baptismal' theology
to overturn the universal Christian tradition of the meaning of
baptism, and with it the universal and biblically-rooted appeal
for sexual holiness, is a bold move. Most theologians will think
that the first argument above (the proposal of an 'identity') is not
strong enough to justify it. God's welcome is always a transforming
welcome, as the ABC has elsewhere stressed.
[I don't know where this argument came
from -- I can't find a trace of it in the main document cited above.
Of course baptism doesn't immediately allow someone to do whatever
they want.]
9. Within the same section, the ABC makes the vital point that
in our ongoing ecumenical work is it vital that our partners
know 'who speaks for the body they are relating to'. If many
Anglicans don't see why these presenting issues should matter,
the same is not true for our ecumenical partners, particularly
among the Roman Catholics and Eastern Orthodox.
[The Catholic church is homogeneous,
headed by the Pope. I believe that a great strength of the
Anglican Communion has been its diversity.]
16. No Delay. ... Now that GenCon 09 has happened, even if the
Covenant is completed within a few months TEC will assuredly say
that it can't consider it until 2012, and that such consideration
could only be preliminary, looking to a more definite decision
in 2015. This delaying tactic -- twelve years from 2003, when the
crisis really began! -- must be seen for what it is, and headed off.
The obvious way to do this is to declare that 'Track One' is open,
right away, to Covenant signatories, and only Covenant signatories.
How precisely that could be done (granted that the Joint Standing
Committee, for instance, includes some from TEC and other
sympathetic provinces) remains a question. But it needs to be done,
and done quickly. I offer some suggestions on all this in the
conclusion below.
[Here Wright is openly
revealing his plans when he mentions that the Joint
Standing Committee "includes some from TEC and other
sympathetic provinces".]
17. Section 4 of the Covenant. Picking up the point just made:
Section 4 of the Covenant needs to proceed swiftly to its final form.
This process is far too important to be left to a small group
advising the Archbishop. When the Archbishop receives the group's work,
he should consult with key Communion representatives to ensure that
there are no remaining hidden problems. In this process, any
reduction or limiting of Section 4 (clearly the hope of the majority
in TEC, not least those who pushed the ACC to postpone a decision)
will be a large step away from the mind of the Communion as the ABC
has himself expressed it ...
[I have commented elsewhere about parts
of Sections 3 and 4 of the Anglican Covenant:
Commentary on the Covenant.]
Conclusion
19. ... Yet at the heart of this document are two things which the
Communion has badly needed to hear: ... a strong reaffirmation of
the Anglican position on sexual behaviour, and a strong insistence
on the Windsor point that global issues cannot be decided
locally -- and that the decision as to what is global and what is
local cannot itself be decided locally. The 'so what' of all this
needs now to be drawn out, and in my view this needs to happen more
or less at once, not postponed until Section 4 of the Covenant is
redrafted and ratified.
[If you want diversity, as I do, you can't
have absolute top-down control.]
20. How then can this 'so what' become a reality? ...
It is thus up to the Archbishop himself to move swiftly to implement
what he himself has said, counting on support from bishops around
his own Province and the whole Communion. The Covenant (which the
ABC has repeatedly affirmed as the new instrument of our unity and
common life) needs to be completed and offered to all Anglicans for
signature. Those within TEC who sign it need appropriate Communion
recognition and relatedness -- if bishops, a Primatial relationship,
if parishes or individuals, an episcopal relationship. Ways by which
this can be done have been worked out by the Communion Partner bishops,
and it is with them, first and foremost, that the Archbishop must
work towards the necessary and urgent solutions.
[See my commentary on the Anglican Covenant
"loyalty oaths".]
21. A Way Forward?
(ii) The Anaheim Statement: ...
The document they have produced ('the Anaheim Statement') could
now form something of a bridge between the present confusion and
the not-too-distant future when the full Covenant will be available
for signature. ... Some reports indicate that bishops who voted with
the majority in Gen Con are now realising the predicament they've
put themselves in and are starting to sign up to Anaheim instead.
[My emphasis added]
[It almost sounds like
one of them -- not "conservative Anglican",
but an evil person. This view is too melodramatic,
but still, almost everyone at the General Convention, liberals
and conservatives alike, realized that the Bishops voting in favor
of the controversial resolutions had thought the matter over for
three years, and weren't going to quickly change their minds when
they saw the Anaheim Statement. Charitably, one can say that Wright
was receiving flawed reports, and not deliberately spreading lies
and dissension.
However, his statement remains a nasty and gratuitous swipe at
"bishops who voted with the majority". His statement could be
interpreted as saying that all such Bishops are
"starting to sign up to Anaheim instead", as if they didn't
know their own mind when they voted.
I find particularly offensive the
idea that bishops realize they are in a "predicament" because
of the way they voted. A predicament is a spouse with
cancer, a child addicted to drugs.]
(iv) Getting from Here to There: Covenant Sections 1-3. The Covenant,
when completed, will provide a line in the sand. However, we do
not need to wait until Section 4 is redrafted. The first three
sections are already completed and agreed, and they (especially
Section Three) already prohibit the kinds of things which General
Convention has done, and which many TEC bishops are doing. These
three sections could be signed and adopted right away by CP bishops
and dioceses as a signal of their intent.
[This is a classic self-fulfilling prophesy.
Any action his group doesn't like will naturally
"provoke controversy" in the words of the Covenant. Actions
such as those by the Nigerian Anglican Church to openly
create laws to persecute and jail (and promote violence against)
homosexuals apparently are not controversial, though
Rowan Williams condemned this strongly.]
(v) Getting from Here to There: Anaheim. The Anaheim Statement itself
could also function as a preliminary rallying point around which more
may gather than had initially been supposed. Perhaps, indeed, signing
this statement, along with Sections 1-3 of the Covenant, could function,
ahead of the availability of the final version of the Covenant, as a
prerequisite for participation, from this moment on, in representative
Anglican functions and bodies and, not least, in bodies that deal with
the Covenant itself and the future of the Instruments.
(vi) Interim Structures? We need some interim structures to get us from
where we are to where we need to be -- and not only in TEC, but also
in Canada and perhaps elsewhere. But we need these now ...The now
largely discredited 'DEPO' system ('Delegated Episcopal Pastoral
Oversight') may have been a signpost, albeit one that didn't seem to be
capable of working well at the time, towards some kind of a solution.
(vii) Urgent meetings? Ideally, the CP bishops, and perhaps some of
the Rectors, should meet with the Archbishop to discuss some kind of
a revived DEPO. The ABC could then invite others, including both
representatives of TEC leadership on the one hand and ACNA on the
other, to further meetings to work out agreements that would avoid
future confusions or accusations. ...
(viii) What about ACNA? All this raises, then, the question of ACNA
itself (and, indeed, other would-be Anglican bodies). Without some
kind of clear steer on the issues just raised, we can expect that
ACNA will continue to attract individuals, congregations and perhaps
even dioceses. This is, indeed, already happening. However, though
the situation on the ground is often confused, ACNA has expressed a
clear willingness to work with the Communion Partner bishops towards
whatever greater good may come. And ACNA itself has shown itself
eager to sign the Covenant when it is complete....
[The last four sections talk about a great
deal of meddling in affairs within the United States.]